This episode is a conversation about the complex and important relationship between physical activity and brain health. Topics covered include specific impacts of physical activity (including formal exercise) and sedentary behavior on brain health; measurement of physical activity; reduction in the risk of later life cognitive decline (including neurodegenerative diseases); findings from neuroimaging, cognitive testing, and mental health reporting; mechanisms of physical activity’s impact on brain health; protocols for exercising to improve brain health; aerobic and resistance training; person characteristics that moderate the relationship between physical activity and brain health; and how neuropsychologists can implement physical activity interventions in their patients.