| Custom Content | Poster Session 11 Program Schedule
02/17/2024
10:45 am - 12:00 pm
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)
Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology | Education/Training | Professional Practice Issues
Final Abstract #8
Poster Symposium: Intersecting Determinants of Health: The Influences of Community, sex, race, and Ethnicity in Aging Outcomes, a Health & Aging Brain Study – Health Disparities project — Abstract 2
Differential Associations of Race/Ethnicity and Neighborhood Disadvantage on Experiences of Everyday Discrimination, Chronic Stress, Depression, and Anxiety in the HABS-HD Cohort
Tasha Rhoads, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
Justin Miller, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, United States
Christina Wong, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, United States
Jessica Caldwell, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, United States
Sid O'Bryant, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, United States
Category: Inclusion and Diversity/Multiculturalism
Keyword 1: chronic stress
Keyword 2: cross-cultural issues
Keyword 3: dementia - Alzheimer's disease
Objective:
Neighborhood-level disadvantage has been linked to increased risk for poor health outcomes, though less is known about its associations with mental health outcomes and whether these relationships vary by race and ethnicity. We aimed to examine the associations between neighborhood-level disadvantage, chronic stress, discrimination, depression, and anxiety in a diverse sample of older adults. We previously found that non-Hispanic Black (NHB) older adults report greater experiences of everyday discrimination relative to their non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Hispanic counterparts. This finding prompted further examination of the association between everyday experiences of discrimination, chronic stress, and symptoms of depression within the NHB subsample.
Participants and Methods:
Data from the community-based Health & Aging Brain Study–Health Disparities (HABS-HD) cohort were examined. This cohort includes older adults who are diverse in terms of race and ethnicity (NHW, Hispanic, and NHB). Outcome measures included the Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS), Chronic Stress (CS), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Neighborhood-level disadvantage for participants’ current residence was estimated via the validated Area Deprivation Index (ADI). A series of linear regressions, stratified by race, were used to evaluate the extent to which demographic factors, including ADI, predicted mental health outcomes. Finally, a bootstrapped mediation was conducted to evaluate the extent to which CS mediated the relationship between EDS and GDS within the NHB subgroup.
Results:
Regression analyses revealed that for NHW and NHB participants, living in areas of greater neighborhood disadvantage was associated with increased symptoms of depression. For NHW participants, greater neighborhood disadvantage was also related to increased chronic stress. ADI was not associated with mental health outcomes among Hispanic participants. Finally, within the NHB subsample alone, a significant indirect effect of everyday discrimination on depression through chronic stress was observed.
Conclusions:
In this cross-sectional study, the relationship between contextual neighborhood disadvantage and mental health outcomes varied by race and ethnicity. Furthermore, findings suggest that in NHB older adults, the association between everyday experiences of discrimination and symptoms of depression can, in part, be explained by levels of self-reported chronic stress. Taken together, these findings highlight important considerations for future research examining the association between race/ethnicity, neighborhood disadvantage, and mental health in aging populations within the United States.
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