INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 11 Program Schedule 02/17/2024 10:45 am - 12:00 pm Room: Majestic Complex (Posters 61-120) Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology \| Education/Training \| Professional Practice Issues Final Abstract #96 Interactive Effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection, Substance Use, and Treatment on Cognition in Spanish-Speaking People with Minoritized Gender Identities Rachael Snyder, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Heather Bouchard, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Thomas Scott, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Carmen Davila, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Kim Carrasco, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Kirk Dombrowski, University of Vermont, Burlington, United States Roberto Abadie, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Aníbal Valentín, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, Puerto Rico Samodha Fernando, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States John West, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, United States Charles Wood, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, United States Sydney Bennett, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Kathy Chiou, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience Keyword 1: neurocognition Keyword 2: HIV/AIDS Keyword 3: substance abuse Objective: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and substance use comorbidity is highly prevalent in the United States, including the surrounding territory of Puerto Rico. Substance use and HIV infection can independently impact cognitive functioning, but the literature is mixed about whether substance use suppresses or exacerbates the cognitive impact of HIV infection, or if there is any interaction at all. Additionally, people who have had substance use treatment may perform better on cognitive testing than active drug users; however, this research is limited. Even further limited is the generalizability of these studies to minoritized groups. Research suggests there is an interactive effect of gender and HIV status on cognitive functioning, but there is little information about how substance use may relate to this interaction. The aim of this study is to determine how cognition is impacted by HIV infection, substance use, and substance use treatment in Hispanic participants who also hold minoritized gender identities. Participants and Methods: Participants included Puerto Rican adults identified as cisgender women (n = 42), transgender (n = 4), and nonbinary (n = 1). Each participant completed the Neuropsi Attention and Memory-3rd Edition battery for Spanish-speakers. Substance use and treatment history was also obtained via clinical interview. Participants were categorized into two groups: those living with HIV (n = 31) and those who tested negative for the virus (n = 16). A linear regression was used to determine whether HIV infection predicted performance on each index of the Neuropsi battery (Memory, Attention and Memory, Attention and Executive Functioning). Additional models assessed for interaction effects of substance use, substance use treatment history, and HIV status on cognition. Results: Participants living with HIV performed significantly worse than those without HIV infection on indices measuring attention and executive functioning, memory, and combined attention and memory (p < 0.001 across all domains). A significant interaction effect between HIV status and substance use on both the attention and executive functioning index (p = 0.01) and the attention and memory index (p = 0.03) was observed such that participants without HIV but who use substances have worse cognitive performance. In addition, a significant interaction effect between HIV status and substance use treatment history on both the memory index (p = 0.007) and the attention and memory index (p = 0.004) was found such that participants not living with HIV who have a history of substance use treatment performed worse. Conclusions: As predicted, HIV infection has a negative impact on cognition for cisgender women, transgender, and nonbinary people. The significant interactions indicate that current substance use and past treatment have a negative effect on cognitive functioning, particularly in participants with minoritized identities who do not have HIV. These results suggest that cognitive performance in individuals with HIV is influenced primarily by viral infection and that a history of substance use may not offer significant, additive effects. These preliminary findings highlight a need to further explore the superseding effects of HIV infection over substance use in larger samples of those with minoritized gender identities.

Poster

02/17/2024
10:45 am - 12:00 pm
Room: Majestic Complex (Posters 61-120)

Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology | Education/Training | Professional Practice Issues

Final Abstract #96

Interactive Effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection, Substance Use, and Treatment on Cognition in Spanish-Speaking People with Minoritized Gender Identities

Rachael Snyder, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
Heather Bouchard, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
Thomas Scott, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
Carmen Davila, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
Kim Carrasco, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
Kirk Dombrowski, University of Vermont, Burlington, United States
Roberto Abadie, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
Aníbal Valentín, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, Puerto Rico
Samodha Fernando, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
John West, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, United States
Charles Wood, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, United States
Sydney Bennett, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States
Kathy Chiou, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, United States

Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience

Keyword 1: neurocognition
Keyword 2: HIV/AIDS
Keyword 3: substance abuse

Objective:

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and substance use comorbidity is highly prevalent in the United States, including the surrounding territory of Puerto Rico. Substance use and HIV infection can independently impact cognitive functioning, but the literature is mixed about whether substance use suppresses or exacerbates the cognitive impact of HIV infection, or if there is any interaction at all. Additionally, people who have had substance use treatment may perform better on cognitive testing than active drug users; however, this research is limited. Even further limited is the generalizability of these studies to minoritized groups. Research suggests there is an interactive effect of gender and HIV status on cognitive functioning, but there is little information about how substance use may relate to this interaction. The aim of this study is to determine how cognition is impacted by HIV infection, substance use, and substance use treatment in Hispanic participants who also hold minoritized gender identities.

Participants and Methods:

Participants included Puerto Rican adults identified as cisgender women (n = 42), transgender (n = 4), and nonbinary (n = 1). Each participant completed the Neuropsi Attention and Memory-3rd Edition battery for Spanish-speakers. Substance use and treatment history was also obtained via clinical interview. Participants were categorized into two groups: those living with HIV (n = 31) and those who tested negative for the virus (n = 16). A linear regression was used to determine whether HIV infection predicted performance on each index of the Neuropsi battery (Memory, Attention and Memory, Attention and Executive Functioning). Additional models assessed for interaction effects of substance use, substance use treatment history, and HIV status on cognition.

Results:

Participants living with HIV performed significantly worse than those without HIV infection on indices measuring attention and executive functioning, memory, and combined attention and memory (p < 0.001 across all domains). A significant interaction effect between HIV status and substance use on both the attention and executive functioning index (p = 0.01) and the attention and memory index (p = 0.03) was observed such that participants without HIV but who use substances have worse cognitive performance. In addition, a significant interaction effect between HIV status and substance use treatment history on both the memory index (p = 0.007) and the attention and memory index (p = 0.004) was found such that participants not living with HIV who have a history of substance use treatment performed worse.

Conclusions:

As predicted, HIV infection has a negative impact on cognition for cisgender women, transgender, and nonbinary people. The significant interactions indicate that current substance use and past treatment have a negative effect on cognitive functioning, particularly in participants with minoritized identities who do not have HIV. These results suggest that cognitive performance in individuals with HIV is influenced primarily by viral infection and that a history of substance use may not offer significant, additive effects. These preliminary findings highlight a need to further explore the superseding effects of HIV infection over substance use in larger samples of those with minoritized gender identities.