INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 11 Program Schedule 02/17/2024 10:45 am - 12:00 pm Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology \| Education/Training \| Professional Practice Issues Final Abstract #61 Keystroke Data as Digital Markers of Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias among Latinos: Preliminary Findings from the SALUD-Tech Study Maria Marquine, Duke University, Durham, United States Martha Perez Lopez, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Alexander Demos, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Shay Nakahira, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, United States Ricardo Bentancourt, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Emma Churchill, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Itzel Cuevas-Ramirez, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Aastha Dubey, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Lina Scandalis, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Erin Sundermann, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Douglas Galasko, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Gregory Talavera, San Diego State University, San Diego, United States Linda Gallo, San Diego State University, San Diego, United States Raeanne Moore, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience Keyword 1: mild cognitive impairment Keyword 2: minority issues Keyword 3: dementia - Alzheimer's disease Objective: Hispanics/Latinos/as/x (hereafter Latinos) in the United States have higher incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk than non-Hispanic Whites, which can hasten progression to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Digital markers collected via mobile devices might offer novel ways to detect ADRD risk. We examined whether keystroke metadata, passively obtained from smartphones, could serve as digital markers of ADRD risk among Latino adults. Participants and Methods: Participants included 50 Latino adults age 50-70 enrolled in the SALUD-Tech study (Age: M=58.6, SD=5.1; 70% female; Education: M=11.5, SD=4.0; 86% primarily Spanish-speaking; 80% bilingual). Participants completed a comprehensive test battery assessing six neurocognitive domains (learning, memory, language, attention/working memory, processing speed and executive function). Demographically adjusted T-scores were computed for each test utilizing normative data available for Latinos and averaged to compute global and domain T-Scores. MCI was defined as impairment (T-Score<40) in at least two tests in one or more neurocognitive domains. Participants also underwent a neuromedical interview, a fasting blood draw, and anthropomorphic and blood pressure measurements for the determination of CVD risk factors (i.e., diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity). Adverse CVD risk profile was defined as the presence of 2 or more CVD risk factors. At the laboratory visit, participants installed a virtual keyboard on their smartphones, which replaced the native keyboard. The virtual keyboard captured all keystrokes made for 30 days post-laboratory visit but did not collect any content (collected how participants typed, not what they typed). Keystroke data examined included average typing speed, phone jerkiness (i.e., movement of the phone while typing) and backspace use while typing in the upright position across the entire digital data collection period. Results: In the overall cohort (n=50), faster typing speed was associated with higher global neurocognitive T-Scores (r =-0.37), as well as higher attention/working memory (r =-0.37), language (r=-0.35), and processing speed T-Scores (r =-0.33). There was a tendency for higher phone jerkiness to be associated with higher language T-Scores (r =0.25, p=.08), and no notable associations between backspace use and neurocognitive T-scores. Analyses investigating differences by MCI status and CVD risk separately, indicated that the MCI+ group (n=23) had significantly less phone jerkiness than the MCI- group (n=24; p=.01; Cohen’s d=0.78), and the CVD+ group (n=26) showed significantly slower typing speed than the CVD- group (n=22; p=.02, Cohen’s d=0.70), with no other significant group differences on keystroke data. Follow-up analyses considered ADRD risk based on a combination of MCI status and CVD risk (MCI-/CVD-: n=11; MCI-/CVD+: n=12, MCI+/CVD-: n=10, MCI+CVD+: n=12). There were significant overall differences across ADRD risk groups on typing speed (p=.04) and phone jerkiness (p=.03), but no significant differences on backspace use (p=.81). Typing speed was significantly slower in both CVD+ groups, and phone jerkiness was significantly less in both MCI+ groups compared to the no-risk group (MCI-/CVD-). Conclusions: Current findings extend those of prior studies in primarily non-Latino, English-speaking samples, and provide initial evidence of specific keystroke markers of neurocognitive function and ADRD risk among Latinos.

Poster

02/17/2024
10:45 am - 12:00 pm
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)

Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology | Education/Training | Professional Practice Issues

Final Abstract #61

Keystroke Data as Digital Markers of Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias among Latinos: Preliminary Findings from the SALUD-Tech Study

Maria Marquine, Duke University, Durham, United States
Martha Perez Lopez, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Alexander Demos, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Shay Nakahira, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, United States
Ricardo Bentancourt, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Emma Churchill, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Itzel Cuevas-Ramirez, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Aastha Dubey, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Lina Scandalis, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Erin Sundermann, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Douglas Galasko, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
Gregory Talavera, San Diego State University, San Diego, United States
Linda Gallo, San Diego State University, San Diego, United States
Raeanne Moore, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States

Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience

Keyword 1: mild cognitive impairment
Keyword 2: minority issues
Keyword 3: dementia - Alzheimer's disease

Objective:

Hispanics/Latinos/as/x (hereafter Latinos) in the United States have higher incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk than non-Hispanic Whites, which can hasten progression to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Digital markers collected via mobile devices might offer novel ways to detect ADRD risk. We examined whether keystroke metadata, passively obtained from smartphones, could serve as digital markers of ADRD risk among Latino adults.

Participants and Methods:

Participants included 50 Latino adults age 50-70 enrolled in the SALUD-Tech study (Age: M=58.6, SD=5.1; 70% female; Education: M=11.5, SD=4.0; 86% primarily Spanish-speaking; 80% bilingual). Participants completed a comprehensive test battery assessing six neurocognitive domains (learning, memory, language, attention/working memory, processing speed and executive function). Demographically adjusted T-scores were computed for each test utilizing normative data available for Latinos and averaged to compute global and domain T-Scores. MCI was defined as impairment (T-Score<40) in at least two tests in one or more neurocognitive domains. Participants also underwent a neuromedical interview, a fasting blood draw, and anthropomorphic and blood pressure measurements for the determination of CVD risk factors (i.e., diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity). Adverse CVD risk profile was defined as the presence of 2 or more CVD risk factors. At the laboratory visit, participants installed a virtual keyboard on their smartphones, which replaced the native keyboard. The virtual keyboard captured all keystrokes made for 30 days post-laboratory visit but did not collect any content (collected how participants typed, not what they typed). Keystroke data examined included average typing speed, phone jerkiness (i.e., movement of the phone while typing) and backspace use while typing in the upright position across the entire digital data collection period.

Results:

In the overall cohort (n=50), faster typing speed was associated with higher global neurocognitive T-Scores (r =-0.37), as well as higher attention/working memory (r =-0.37), language (r=-0.35), and processing speed T-Scores (r =-0.33). There was a tendency for higher phone jerkiness to be associated with higher language T-Scores (r =0.25, p=.08), and no notable associations between backspace use and neurocognitive T-scores. Analyses investigating differences by MCI status and CVD risk separately, indicated that the MCI+ group (n=23) had significantly less phone jerkiness than the MCI- group (n=24; p=.01; Cohen’s d=0.78), and the CVD+ group (n=26) showed significantly slower typing speed than the CVD- group (n=22; p=.02, Cohen’s d=0.70), with no other significant group differences on keystroke data. Follow-up analyses considered ADRD risk based on a combination of MCI status and CVD risk (MCI-/CVD-: n=11; MCI-/CVD+: n=12, MCI+/CVD-: n=10, MCI+CVD+: n=12). There were significant overall differences across ADRD risk groups on typing speed (p=.04) and phone jerkiness (p=.03), but no significant differences on backspace use (p=.81). Typing speed was significantly slower in both CVD+ groups, and phone jerkiness was significantly less in both MCI+ groups compared to the no-risk group (MCI-/CVD-).

Conclusions:

Current findings extend those of prior studies in primarily non-Latino, English-speaking samples, and provide initial evidence of specific keystroke markers of neurocognitive function and ADRD risk among Latinos.