INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 11 Program Schedule 02/17/2024 10:45 am - 12:00 pm Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology \| Education/Training \| Professional Practice Issues Final Abstract #52 Exploring the Effects of Subjective Cognitive Concerns, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Social Support on Objective Cognitive Outcomes in an Ethnoracially Diverse Population Christopher Krause, University of Houston, Houston, United States Alexa Gonzalez, University of Houston, Houston, United States Luis Medina, University of Houston, Houston, United States Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience Keyword 1: cross-cultural issues Keyword 2: cognitive functioning Keyword 3: traumatic brain injury Objective: Prior research in traumatic brain injury (TBI) populations suggests a predictive relationship between psychological stress and subjective cognitive concerns (SCCs). However, the samples examined in these studies are limited in their representation of ethnoracially diverse populations (i.e., the global majority). Further, the role social support may play in endorsement of SCCs when controlling for psychological stress has not yet been examined. The current study sought to examine the effects of SCC endorsement, TBI, and social support on objective cognitive outcomes in diverse older adults. Participants and Methods: We analyzed data collected as part of the Health & Aging Brain Study – Health Disparities (HABS-HD). Of 1516 participants, the majority were female (66.4%), Age=63.1±7.7, and Education=12.01±4.5. Participants identified to one or more ethnoracial group, among them, Hispanic/Latino/Spanish origin (64%), White (63.3%), Black/African American (36.5%), American Indian or Alaska Native (0.6%), or of an undisclosed race (0.1%). Measures indicative of psychological stress were examined (i.e., the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire). A history of TBI was determined by self-reported past diagnosis of TBI and/or endorsed TBI with loss of consciousness on the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method. Social support was measured via a 12-item self-report measure. Exclusion criteria included: diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease or a related dementia, and a total score less than 45 on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). Using principal component analysis, we created an objective cognition composite, consisting of 4 cognitive test scores (i.e., letter fluency, category fluency, Trial 1 and Delayed Recall of a word list learning task). Relationships of interest were examined using nested regression models, controlling for psychological stress and demographic factors (i.e., gender, race/ethnicity, age, and education). Results: Controlling for demographic factors and psychological stress, endorsement of SCCs (β = -.076, p < .001, 95% CI [-.24, -.069]) explained a small, but significant proportion of variance in objective cognitive performance in the first model (DR² = .006; F(1, 1483) = 96.20; p < .001). The inclusion of TBI history (β =.029, p = .18, 95% CI [-.029, .15]) did not result in a significant improvement from the first model (DR² = .001; F(1, 1482) = 85.75; p = .18). However, the addition of social support (β = .098, p < .001, 95% CI [.009, .022]) in the third model only explained an additional 1% of the variance in objective cognitive performance, after controlling for demographics, psychological stress, SCC endorsement, and TBI status (DR² = .009; F(1, 1481) = 80.10; p < .001). Conclusions: Current findings demonstrate a small association between social support and objective cognitive performance above and beyond the effects of SCCs and demographic factors. Future research may examine the possible moderating effect of social support on the relationship between SCCs and objective cognitive performance to better understand the impact of socialization (e.g., cultural influences) in representative populations with and without TBI.

Poster

02/17/2024
10:45 am - 12:00 pm
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)

Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology | Education/Training | Professional Practice Issues

Final Abstract #52

Exploring the Effects of Subjective Cognitive Concerns, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Social Support on Objective Cognitive Outcomes in an Ethnoracially Diverse Population

Christopher Krause, University of Houston, Houston, United States
Alexa Gonzalez, University of Houston, Houston, United States
Luis Medina, University of Houston, Houston, United States

Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience

Keyword 1: cross-cultural issues
Keyword 2: cognitive functioning
Keyword 3: traumatic brain injury

Objective:

Prior research in traumatic brain injury (TBI) populations suggests a predictive relationship between psychological stress and subjective cognitive concerns (SCCs). However, the samples examined in these studies are limited in their representation of ethnoracially diverse populations (i.e., the global majority). Further, the role social support may play in endorsement of SCCs when controlling for psychological stress has not yet been examined. The current study sought to examine the effects of SCC endorsement, TBI, and social support on objective cognitive outcomes in diverse older adults.

Participants and Methods:

We analyzed data collected as part of the Health & Aging Brain Study – Health Disparities (HABS-HD). Of 1516 participants, the majority were female (66.4%), Age=63.1±7.7, and Education=12.01±4.5. Participants identified to one or more ethnoracial group, among them, Hispanic/Latino/Spanish origin (64%), White (63.3%), Black/African American (36.5%), American Indian or Alaska Native (0.6%), or of an undisclosed race (0.1%). Measures indicative of psychological stress were examined (i.e., the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire). A history of TBI was determined by self-reported past diagnosis of TBI and/or endorsed TBI with loss of consciousness on the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method. Social support was measured via a 12-item self-report measure. Exclusion criteria included: diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease or a related dementia, and a total score less than 45 on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). Using principal component analysis, we created an objective cognition composite, consisting of 4 cognitive test scores (i.e., letter fluency, category fluency, Trial 1 and Delayed Recall of a word list learning task). Relationships of interest were examined using nested regression models, controlling for psychological stress and demographic factors (i.e., gender, race/ethnicity, age, and education).

Results:

Controlling for demographic factors and psychological stress, endorsement of SCCs (β = -.076, p < .001, 95% CI [-.24, -.069]) explained a small, but significant proportion of variance in objective cognitive performance in the first model (DR² = .006; F(1, 1483) = 96.20; p < .001). The inclusion of TBI history (β =.029, p = .18, 95% CI [-.029, .15]) did not result in a significant improvement from the first model (DR² = .001; F(1, 1482) = 85.75; p = .18). However, the addition of social support (β = .098, p < .001, 95% CI [.009, .022]) in the third model only explained an additional 1% of the variance in objective cognitive performance, after controlling for demographics, psychological stress, SCC endorsement, and TBI status (DR² = .009; F(1, 1481) = 80.10; p < .001).

Conclusions:

Current findings demonstrate a small association between social support and objective cognitive performance above and beyond the effects of SCCs and demographic factors. Future research may examine the possible moderating effect of social support on the relationship between SCCs and objective cognitive performance to better understand the impact of socialization (e.g., cultural influences) in representative populations with and without TBI.