INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 11 Program Schedule 02/17/2024 10:45 am - 12:00 pm Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology \| Education/Training \| Professional Practice Issues Final Abstract #39 Neighborhood Disadvantage, Cognition, and Exercise Adherence in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome Jeremy Grant, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Jennifer Hunter, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Ambar Perez-Lao, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Tamare Adrien, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Tessa Adler, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Hana Ali, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Alexia Brown, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Krithika Sivaramakrishnan, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Shellie-Anne Levy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience Keyword 1: cardiovascular disease Keyword 2: cross-cultural issues Keyword 3: aging (normal) Objective: Metabolic syndrome—a cluster of chronic health conditions including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity—is associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. Aerobic exercise is a frontline treatment for metabolic syndrome, but exercise adherence is often a challenge of older adults. Black Americans show disproportionately higher rates of metabolic syndrome relative to White Americans, as well as lower rates of exercise adherence. Research on exercise adherence has primarily focused on individual-level factors (e.g., age, depression, income), with less attention paid to contextual-level factors, such as neighborhood disadvantage and other social determinants of health associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, few studies have examined the extent to which baseline cognitive impairment predicts adherence to exercise routines. This pilot study examined the extent to which individual-level and contextual-level factors predict adherence exercise routine in a community-based sample of older adults with metabolic syndrome. Participants and Methods: Participants were 61 older adults (62.3% women; 50.8% non-Hispanic White, 49.2% non-Hispanic Black) who averaged 73 years old and 16 years of education. Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery at baseline and were instructed to engage in moderate physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week for 8 weeks. Exercise intensity was measured using wrist-worn actigraphy. Exercise adherence was inferred by the number of weeks with 150 or more minutes of moderate physical activity. Cardiovascular burden was examined using a composite of seven chronic health indices (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, current smoking status, smoking history). Neighborhood disadvantage was assessed using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Statistical analyses included bivariate correlations to examine associations with exercise adherence and pairwise t-tests to examine between-group racial differences. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed with age, years of education, depression, cardiovascular burden, neighborhood disadvantage, and an overall composite of cognitive performance as predictors of exercise adherence. Results: Black and White participants did not differ significantly in age, years of education, cardiovascular burden, exercise adherence, or their average amount of exercise per day. Black participants lived in more disadvantaged neighborhoods (p = .026, Cohen’s d = -.509) and showed poorer overall cognitive performance (p < .001, Cohen’s d = .959) than their White counterparts. In the regression analysis, the overall model significantly predicted exercise adherence (R² = .30, p = .007). Cardiovascular burden and neighborhood disadvantage as predictors of exercise adherence was significant (R² = .27, p = .004). Greater cardiovascular burden (B = -.711, p = .015) and greater neighborhood disadvantage (B = -.040, p = .010) were associated with lower exercise adherence. Age, depression, and cognitive performance did not predict exercise adherence. Conclusions: Older adults living in disadvantaged neighborhoods and with greater cardiovascular disease are more likely to have poor exercise adherence. More research is needed to explore the extent to which interventions to improve exercise adherence can help promote brain health, particularly among older adults who are at heightened risk for cognitive decline due to metabolic syndrome or living in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

Poster

02/17/2024
10:45 am - 12:00 pm
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)

Poster Session 11: Cultural Neuropsychology | Education/Training | Professional Practice Issues

Final Abstract #39

Neighborhood Disadvantage, Cognition, and Exercise Adherence in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome

Jeremy Grant, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Jennifer Hunter, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Ambar Perez-Lao, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Tamare Adrien, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Tessa Adler, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Hana Ali, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Alexia Brown, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Krithika Sivaramakrishnan, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Shellie-Anne Levy, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States

Category: Cross Cultural Neuropsychology/ Clinical Cultural Neuroscience

Keyword 1: cardiovascular disease
Keyword 2: cross-cultural issues
Keyword 3: aging (normal)

Objective:

Metabolic syndrome—a cluster of chronic health conditions including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity—is associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. Aerobic exercise is a frontline treatment for metabolic syndrome, but exercise adherence is often a challenge of older adults. Black Americans show disproportionately higher rates of metabolic syndrome relative to White Americans, as well as lower rates of exercise adherence. Research on exercise adherence has primarily focused on individual-level factors (e.g., age, depression, income), with less attention paid to contextual-level factors, such as neighborhood disadvantage and other social determinants of health associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, few studies have examined the extent to which baseline cognitive impairment predicts adherence to exercise routines. This pilot study examined the extent to which individual-level and contextual-level factors predict adherence exercise routine in a community-based sample of older adults with metabolic syndrome.

Participants and Methods:

Participants were 61 older adults (62.3% women; 50.8% non-Hispanic White, 49.2% non-Hispanic Black) who averaged 73 years old and 16 years of education. Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery at baseline and were instructed to engage in moderate physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week for 8 weeks. Exercise intensity was measured using wrist-worn actigraphy. Exercise adherence was inferred by the number of weeks with 150 or more minutes of moderate physical activity. Cardiovascular burden was examined using a composite of seven chronic health indices (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, current smoking status, smoking history). Neighborhood disadvantage was assessed using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Statistical analyses included bivariate correlations to examine associations with exercise adherence and pairwise t-tests to examine between-group racial differences. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed with age, years of education, depression, cardiovascular burden, neighborhood disadvantage, and an overall composite of cognitive performance as predictors of exercise adherence.

Results:

Black and White participants did not differ significantly in age, years of education, cardiovascular burden, exercise adherence, or their average amount of exercise per day. Black participants lived in more disadvantaged neighborhoods (p = .026, Cohen’s d = -.509) and showed poorer overall cognitive performance (p < .001, Cohen’s d = .959) than their White counterparts. In the regression analysis, the overall model significantly predicted exercise adherence (R² = .30, p = .007). Cardiovascular burden and neighborhood disadvantage as predictors of exercise adherence was significant (R² = .27, p = .004). Greater cardiovascular burden (B = -.711, p = .015) and greater neighborhood disadvantage (B = -.040, p = .010) were associated with lower exercise adherence. Age, depression, and cognitive performance did not predict exercise adherence.

Conclusions:

Older adults living in disadvantaged neighborhoods and with greater cardiovascular disease are more likely to have poor exercise adherence. More research is needed to explore the extent to which interventions to improve exercise adherence can help promote brain health, particularly among older adults who are at heightened risk for cognitive decline due to metabolic syndrome or living in disadvantaged neighborhoods.