INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 10 Program Schedule 02/17/2024 09:00 am - 10:15 am Room: Majestic Complex (Posters 61-120) Poster Session 10: Neurodevelopmental \| Congenital Conditions Final Abstract #79 Neuropsychological Correlates of Noncredible Presentation in the Assessment of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Kendra Pizzonia, Ohio University, Athens, United States Grace Lee, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States Cardinal Do, Ohio University, Athens, United States Taylor Lambertus, Ohio University, Athens, United States Adrienne Jankowski, Ohio University, Athens, United States Julie Suhr, Ohio University, Athens, United States Category: ADHD/Attentional Functions Keyword 1: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Keyword 2: validity (performance or symptom) Keyword 3: self-report Objective: There are high rates of performance and symptom invalidity in assessment for adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Prior research suggests invalidity may affect our understanding of the relationship between self-reported and objective cognitive performance. We examined the relationship of self-reported executive functioning (EF) to both objective cognition and self-reported psychological symptoms separately for credible and noncredible presentations. Participants and Methods: Data was from a deidentified dataset of patients assessed for ADHD-related concerns (M_age =25.39 [SD=7.41]); M_education=14.76 [SD=1.94]; 83.2% White). The sample was divided into noncredible (N=55) and credible (N=40) performance groups based on Sherman et al. (2020) criteria. We included EF tests (i.e., Trail Making Test, Delis Kaplan Executive Functioning System Color-Word Interference Test, verbal fluency, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV [WAIS-IV] subtests/indices), non-EF measures (Auditory Verbal Learning Test [AVLT] and WAIS-IV subtests/indices), measures of self-reported cognition (Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale [BDEFS] EF symptom count, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Test-2RF/3 [MMPI-2RF/3] scales), and psychological symptom instruments (MMPI-2RF/3 and Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale [CAARS] subscales). Results: For the credible group, BDEFS was not related to EF tests (rs=-0.180-0.259; ps=0.133-0.999). Higher BDEFS was related to lower AVLT learning over trials (r=-0.545; p<0.001) and lower delayed recall (r=-0.377; p=0.023) but not other non-EF tests (rs=-0.213-0.100; ps=0.317-0.773). Higher BDEFS was related to higher MMPI-2RF/3 Demoralization (RCd; r=0.587; p<0.001), Low Positive Emotion (RC2; r=0.656; p<0.001), Dysfunctional Negative Emotions (RC7; r=0.383; p=0.021), Aberrant Experiences (RC8; r=0.361; p=0.031), Hypomanic Activation (RC9; r=0.715; p<0.001), and Cognitive Complaints (COG; r=0.697; p<0.001), as well as higher CAARS Inattentive (r=0.734; p<0.001), but not Hyperactive/Impulsive (r=0.281; p=0.092) subscales. For the noncredible group, higher BDEFS was related to lower phonemic fluency (r=-0.291; p=0.036), but not other EF tests (rs=-0.171-0.182; ps=.220-.965). Higher BDEFS correlated with higher AVLT learning over trials (r=0.303; p=0.029), higher WAIS-IV Verbal Comprehension Index, (r=0.456; p<0.001), and lower WAIS-IV Processing Speed Index (r=-0.369; p=0.007), but not other non-EF tests (rs=-0.097-0.243; ps=0.103-0.858). Higher BDEFS was related to higher MMPI-2RF/3 RCd (r=0.353; p=0.010), Somatic Complaints (RC1; r=0.290; p=0.037), Antisocial Behavior (RC4; r=0.283; p=0.042), RC7 (r=0.377; p=0.006), RC9 (r=0.440; p=0.001), and COG (r=0.285; p=0.040), as well as higher scores on CAARS Inattentive (r=0.493; p<0.001; n=52) and Hyperactive/Impulsive (r=0.491; p<0.00) subscales. Conclusions: We found different correlation patterns for credible and noncredible groups between self-reported EF symptoms and both objective cognition (including EF and non-EF tests) and self-reported psychological symptoms, suggesting that our understanding of subjective EF may be affected by whether or not research has controlled for credible presentations. Our results are consistent with prior studies showing poor relationships between subjective and objective EF; self-reported EF was correlated primarily with psychological symptoms, but also learning performance in the credible group. Clinicians should be wary of using only self-report measures to quantify their patients’ EF symptoms, as these measures do not correlate well with actual objective EF performance.

Poster

02/17/2024
09:00 am - 10:15 am
Room: Majestic Complex (Posters 61-120)

Poster Session 10: Neurodevelopmental | Congenital Conditions

Final Abstract #79

Neuropsychological Correlates of Noncredible Presentation in the Assessment of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Kendra Pizzonia, Ohio University, Athens, United States
Grace Lee, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
Cardinal Do, Ohio University, Athens, United States
Taylor Lambertus, Ohio University, Athens, United States
Adrienne Jankowski, Ohio University, Athens, United States
Julie Suhr, Ohio University, Athens, United States

Category: ADHD/Attentional Functions

Keyword 1: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Keyword 2: validity (performance or symptom)
Keyword 3: self-report

Objective:

There are high rates of performance and symptom invalidity in assessment for adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Prior research suggests invalidity may affect our understanding of the relationship between self-reported and objective cognitive performance. We examined the relationship of self-reported executive functioning (EF) to both objective cognition and self-reported psychological symptoms separately for credible and noncredible presentations.

Participants and Methods:

Data was from a deidentified dataset of patients assessed for ADHD-related concerns (M_age =25.39 [SD=7.41]); M_education=14.76 [SD=1.94]; 83.2% White). The sample was divided into noncredible (N=55) and credible (N=40) performance groups based on Sherman et al. (2020) criteria. We included EF tests (i.e., Trail Making Test, Delis Kaplan Executive Functioning System Color-Word Interference Test, verbal fluency, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV [WAIS-IV] subtests/indices), non-EF measures (Auditory Verbal Learning Test [AVLT] and WAIS-IV subtests/indices), measures of self-reported cognition (Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale [BDEFS] EF symptom count, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Test-2RF/3 [MMPI-2RF/3] scales), and psychological symptom instruments (MMPI-2RF/3 and Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale [CAARS] subscales).

Results:

For the credible group, BDEFS was not related to EF tests (rs=-0.180-0.259; ps=0.133-0.999). Higher BDEFS was related to lower AVLT learning over trials (r=-0.545; p<0.001) and lower delayed recall (r=-0.377; p=0.023) but not other non-EF tests (rs=-0.213-0.100; ps=0.317-0.773). Higher BDEFS was related to higher MMPI-2RF/3 Demoralization (RCd; r=0.587; p<0.001), Low Positive Emotion (RC2; r=0.656; p<0.001), Dysfunctional Negative Emotions (RC7; r=0.383; p=0.021), Aberrant Experiences (RC8; r=0.361; p=0.031), Hypomanic Activation (RC9; r=0.715; p<0.001), and Cognitive Complaints (COG; r=0.697; p<0.001), as well as higher CAARS Inattentive (r=0.734; p<0.001), but not Hyperactive/Impulsive (r=0.281; p=0.092) subscales.

For the noncredible group, higher BDEFS was related to lower phonemic fluency (r=-0.291; p=0.036), but not other EF tests (rs=-0.171-0.182; ps=.220-.965). Higher BDEFS correlated with higher AVLT learning over trials (r=0.303; p=0.029), higher WAIS-IV Verbal Comprehension Index, (r=0.456; p<0.001), and lower WAIS-IV Processing Speed Index (r=-0.369; p=0.007), but not other non-EF tests (rs=-0.097-0.243; ps=0.103-0.858). Higher BDEFS was related to higher MMPI-2RF/3 RCd (r=0.353; p=0.010), Somatic Complaints (RC1; r=0.290; p=0.037), Antisocial Behavior (RC4; r=0.283; p=0.042), RC7 (r=0.377; p=0.006), RC9 (r=0.440; p=0.001), and COG (r=0.285; p=0.040), as well as higher scores on CAARS Inattentive (r=0.493; p<0.001; n=52) and Hyperactive/Impulsive (r=0.491; p<0.00) subscales.

Conclusions:

We found different correlation patterns for credible and noncredible groups between self-reported EF symptoms and both objective cognition (including EF and non-EF tests) and self-reported psychological symptoms, suggesting that our understanding of subjective EF may be affected by whether or not research has controlled for credible presentations. Our results are consistent with prior studies showing poor relationships between subjective and objective EF; self-reported EF was correlated primarily with psychological symptoms, but also learning performance in the credible group. Clinicians should be wary of using only self-report measures to quantify their patients’ EF symptoms, as these measures do not correlate well with actual objective EF performance.