INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 10 Program Schedule 02/17/2024 09:00 am - 10:15 am Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) Poster Session 10: Neurodevelopmental \| Congenital Conditions Final Abstract #20 Processing Speed in Musical Judgments in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum Kameron Rigg, Fuller Grad School of Psychology, Pasadena, United States Matthew Wallace, Fuller Grad School of Psychology, Pasadena, United States Lynn Paul, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States Warren Brown, Fuller Grad School of Psychology, Pasadena, United States Category: Behavioral Neurology/Cerebral Lateralization/Callosal Studies Keyword 1: corpus callosum Keyword 2: congenital disorders Keyword 3: reaction time Objective: Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a brain disorder defined by the congenital absence of the corpus callosum. Core symptoms of the disorder include reduced interhemispheric transfer, reduced cognitive processing speed, and deficits in complex reasoning and novel problem-solving (Brown and Paul, 2019). Previous research has shown that individuals with ACC are able to make accurate Musical judgments on music qualities such as Melody, Tuning, Accent, and Tempo (Rigg et al, 2022). Although slower processing speed in individuals with ACC has been demonstrated in several visual processing tasks, the relationship of processing speed to auditory judgments such as recognition of musical qualities is still unclear. The current study explores the impact of ACC on music-related processing speed. It was hypothesized that, due to overall processing speed delays in individuals with ACC, there would also be delays in the time it takes individuals with ACC to make comparison judgments regarding musical qualities. Participants and Methods: Participants included 16 adults with ACC who had an intelligence quotient within the normal range (FSIQ>80), as well as 62 neurotypical control participants who were recruited via MTurk cloud. Participants completed the Profile of Music Perception Skills (PROMS) Participants were evaluated on their perception abilities of Melody, Tuning, Accent, and Tempo. For each quality they were provided with musical sound bites and asked to state where the sounds were definitely the same, probably the same, I don't know, probably different, or definitely different. Throughout the test, response time was measured to account for how long each participant spent considering their answer. Time was averaged for each subsection and the measure as a whole. Results: A between-groups MANOVA of response times for the 4 comparisons indicated that there was a significant difference between the control group and individuals with ACC in the overall time taken to complete the assessment, F(4,73)= 4.19, P=.004; partial η²_p =.187. There were also significant differences for all of the subscales except tuning: Tempo, F(1,76)=10.74, P<.002, η²_p =.124; Accent, F(1,76)=7.69, P<.007, η²_p= .092; Melody, F(1,76)=7.78, P=.007; η²_p =.093; Tuning, F(1,76)=.09, P=.765; η²_p = .001. Conclusions: Individuals with ACC took significantly longer to make judgments and answer questions in an auditory-based music perception task when compared to a neurotypical control group. This finding supports previous research suggesting that slower processing speed is a core syndrome of ACC (Marco et al, 2012; Erickson, Young, Paul, & Brown, 2013; Brown and Paul, 2019). Thus, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that individuals with ACC have longer processing times in making judgments about musical qualities.

Poster

02/17/2024
09:00 am - 10:15 am
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)

Poster Session 10: Neurodevelopmental | Congenital Conditions

Final Abstract #20

Processing Speed in Musical Judgments in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

Kameron Rigg, Fuller Grad School of Psychology, Pasadena, United States
Matthew Wallace, Fuller Grad School of Psychology, Pasadena, United States
Lynn Paul, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Warren Brown, Fuller Grad School of Psychology, Pasadena, United States

Category: Behavioral Neurology/Cerebral Lateralization/Callosal Studies

Keyword 1: corpus callosum
Keyword 2: congenital disorders
Keyword 3: reaction time

Objective:

Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a brain disorder defined by the congenital absence of the corpus callosum. Core symptoms of the disorder include reduced interhemispheric transfer, reduced cognitive processing speed, and deficits in complex reasoning and novel problem-solving (Brown and Paul, 2019). Previous research has shown that individuals with ACC are able to make accurate Musical judgments on music qualities such as Melody, Tuning, Accent, and Tempo (Rigg et al, 2022). Although slower processing speed in individuals with ACC has been demonstrated in several visual processing tasks, the relationship of processing speed to auditory judgments such as recognition of musical qualities is still unclear. The current study explores the impact of ACC on music-related processing speed. It was hypothesized that, due to overall processing speed delays in individuals with ACC, there would also be delays in the time it takes individuals with ACC to make comparison judgments regarding musical qualities.

Participants and Methods:

Participants included 16 adults with ACC who had an intelligence quotient within the normal range (FSIQ>80), as well as 62 neurotypical control participants who were recruited via MTurk cloud. Participants completed the Profile of Music Perception Skills (PROMS) Participants were evaluated on their perception abilities of Melody, Tuning, Accent, and Tempo. For each quality they were provided with musical sound bites and asked to state where the sounds were definitely the same, probably the same, I don't know, probably different, or definitely different. Throughout the test, response time was measured to account for how long each participant spent considering their answer. Time was averaged for each subsection and the measure as a whole.

Results:

A between-groups MANOVA of response times for the 4 comparisons indicated that there was a significant difference between the control group and individuals with ACC in the overall time taken to complete the assessment, F(4,73)= 4.19, P=.004; partial η²_p =.187. There were also significant differences for all of the subscales except tuning: Tempo, F(1,76)=10.74, P<.002, η²_p =.124; Accent, F(1,76)=7.69, P<.007, η²_p= .092; Melody, F(1,76)=7.78, P=.007; η²_p =.093; Tuning, F(1,76)=.09, P=.765; η²_p = .001.

Conclusions:

Individuals with ACC took significantly longer to make judgments and answer questions in an auditory-based music perception task when compared to a neurotypical control group. This finding supports previous research suggesting that slower processing speed is a core syndrome of ACC (Marco et al, 2012; Erickson, Young, Paul, & Brown, 2013; Brown and Paul, 2019). Thus, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that individuals with ACC have longer processing times in making judgments about musical qualities.