INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 10 Program Schedule 02/17/2024 09:00 am - 10:15 am Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) Poster Session 10: Neurodevelopmental \| Congenital Conditions Final Abstract #1 Role of Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness Levels on ADHD Symptom Reporting Among Adults Steven Abalos, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Devin Ulrich, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Matthew Phillips, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Gabriel Ovsiew, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Brian Cerny, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Kyle Jennette, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Neil Pliskin, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Woojin Song, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Jason Soble, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States Category: ADHD/Attentional Functions Keyword 1: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Keyword 2: sleep Keyword 3: sleep disorders Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood, and is commonly associated with diverse neurocognitive sequalae, including relative impairments in processing speed, working memory, and/or executive functioning, as well as a high prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders. Individuals with ADHD also are more likely to report sleep complaints compared to matched controls, including poor sleep hygiene and higher rates of insomnia, which may result in excessive daytime somnolence and exacerbate baseline inattention and other cognitive symptoms, thus, creating a self-perpetuating cycle. However, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between sleep disturbance, daytime somnolence levels, and ADHD symptom complaints, particularly among adults. Therefore, the current study assessed the base rates of sleep disturbance among adults referred for ADHD evaluation and investigated whether worse sleep difficulties and daytime sleepiness levels were associated with greater severity of ADHD symptom complaints. Participants and Methods: The sample comprised 39 adult patients referred for neuropsychological evaluation for diagnostic clarification of possible ADHD. The sample had a mean age of 28.97 (SD = 9.52), and a mean education of 15.8 years (SD = 2.76). The sample was 51% male/49% female, and 31% White, 33% Hispanic, 10% Black, 21% Asian, and 5% other race/ethnicity. Sleep disturbance was assessed via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) using a cut-score of ≥6 as indicative of clinically significant sleep disturbance. Daytime sleepiness levels were assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). ADHD symptom reporting was examined via the Clinical Assessment of Attention-Adult (CAT-A) Childhood Memories, Current symptoms, and Overall Clinical Index T-scores, which are composite index scores derived from inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptom endorsement at each timepoint. Linear regression analyses assessed the effect of sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness levels on ADHD symptom reporting. Results: The base rate of clinically significant sleep disturbance was high, with approximately 70% of the sample obtaining a PSQI score of ≥6 (M=8.69; SD=3.81; range=1-12). Likewise, mean ESS scores (M=9.62; SD=4.30; range=0-19) indicated elevated daytime sleepiness levels, on average. By contrast, neither PSQI sleep disturbance ratings (R²=.01-.02; p=.36-.51) nor ESS daytime sleepiness levels (R²=.05-.08; p=.08-.16) accounted for significant variance in ADHD symptom reporting at any timepoint. Conclusions: Although this study demonstrated a high base rate of clinically significant sleep disturbance among adults undergoing ADHD evaluations, sleep complaints and daytime sleepiness levels did not account for meaningful variance in ADHD symptom reporting among this population. That said, the potential adverse effects of sleep problems on objective neurocognitive test performance remains unclear and should remain a focus of future studies to better clarify the role of poor sleep quality and its effect among this heterogeneous clinical population.

Poster

02/17/2024
09:00 am - 10:15 am
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)

Poster Session 10: Neurodevelopmental | Congenital Conditions

Final Abstract #1

Role of Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness Levels on ADHD Symptom Reporting Among Adults

Steven Abalos, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Devin Ulrich, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Matthew Phillips, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Gabriel Ovsiew, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Brian Cerny, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Kyle Jennette, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Neil Pliskin, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Woojin Song, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States
Jason Soble, The University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, United States

Category: ADHD/Attentional Functions

Keyword 1: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Keyword 2: sleep
Keyword 3: sleep disorders

Objective:

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood, and is commonly associated with diverse neurocognitive sequalae, including relative impairments in processing speed, working memory, and/or executive functioning, as well as a high prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders. Individuals with ADHD also are more likely to report sleep complaints compared to matched controls, including poor sleep hygiene and higher rates of insomnia, which may result in excessive daytime somnolence and exacerbate baseline inattention and other cognitive symptoms, thus, creating a self-perpetuating cycle. However, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between sleep disturbance, daytime somnolence levels, and ADHD symptom complaints, particularly among adults. Therefore, the current study assessed the base rates of sleep disturbance among adults referred for ADHD evaluation and investigated whether worse sleep difficulties and daytime sleepiness levels were associated with greater severity of ADHD symptom complaints.

Participants and Methods:

The sample comprised 39 adult patients referred for neuropsychological evaluation for diagnostic clarification of possible ADHD. The sample had a mean age of 28.97 (SD = 9.52), and a mean education of 15.8 years (SD = 2.76). The sample was 51% male/49% female, and 31% White, 33% Hispanic, 10% Black, 21% Asian, and 5% other race/ethnicity. Sleep disturbance was assessed via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) using a cut-score of ≥6 as indicative of clinically significant sleep disturbance. Daytime sleepiness levels were assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). ADHD symptom reporting was examined via the Clinical Assessment of Attention-Adult (CAT-A) Childhood Memories, Current symptoms, and Overall Clinical Index T-scores, which are composite index scores derived from inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive symptom endorsement at each timepoint. Linear regression analyses assessed the effect of sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness levels on ADHD symptom reporting.

Results:

The base rate of clinically significant sleep disturbance was high, with approximately 70% of the sample obtaining a PSQI score of ≥6 (M=8.69; SD=3.81; range=1-12). Likewise, mean ESS scores (M=9.62; SD=4.30; range=0-19) indicated elevated daytime sleepiness levels, on average. By contrast, neither PSQI sleep disturbance ratings (R²=.01-.02; p=.36-.51) nor ESS daytime sleepiness levels (R²=.05-.08; p=.08-.16) accounted for significant variance in ADHD symptom reporting at any timepoint.

Conclusions:

Although this study demonstrated a high base rate of clinically significant sleep disturbance among adults undergoing ADHD evaluations, sleep complaints and daytime sleepiness levels did not account for meaningful variance in ADHD symptom reporting among this population. That said, the potential adverse effects of sleep problems on objective neurocognitive test performance remains unclear and should remain a focus of future studies to better clarify the role of poor sleep quality and its effect among this heterogeneous clinical population.