INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 06 Program Schedule 02/15/2024 04:00 pm - 05:15 pm Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) Poster Session 06: Aging \| MCI \| Neurodegenerative Disease - PART 2 Final Abstract #22 Impact of Perspective Taking on Metacognitive Judgments in Healthy Older Adults and AD Patients Elise Teixeira, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France Elodie Bertrand, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France Category: Dementia (Alzheimer's Disease) Keyword 1: dementia - Alzheimer's disease Keyword 2: metacognition Objective: Impaired metacognition is common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can lead to a lack of self-awareness of deficits, known as anosognosia. Evidence from various neurological populations suggests that metacognitive judgments might depend on the perspective through which the information is presented. However, the extent to which this holds true in AD remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the influence of perspective-taking on metacognitive judgments in AD. Participants and Methods: Patients with mild to moderate AD and healthy older adults participated in the present study. Two experiments were conducted: one involving reaction time (RT) tasks and the other involving working memory (WM) tasks. Each task included two distinct conditions, success and failure, where performance was adjusted to a specific level. Participants were asked to estimate their own performance following each task condition (first-person perspective, 1PP), as well as after watching a video of themselves performing the task (third-person perspective, 3PP). Discrepancy between participant estimations and actual performance (Objective Judgment Discrepancy - OJD) was used to measure awareness of performance. Results: AD subjects demonstrated a similar pattern for both the WM and RT tasks. The results indicate a significant difference in OJD when considering the 1PP, with AD subjects overestimating their performance in the failure condition and underestimating it in the success condition. Response patterns differed between tasks among the control group. In the WM tasks, the results highlighted that controls underestimated their performances in 3PP compared to 1PP in success condition. Additionally, they exhibited even greater underestimation in the success condition when compared to the failure condition in 3PP. Conversely, for the RT tasks, there was no statistically significant difference in OJD observed based on the condition and the perspective. Conclusions: The results suggest that, for both AD and healthy older adults, the task’s condition may have a more substantial influence on metacognitive judgments than the perspective through which the information is presented. This can be interpreted in the light of age-based stereotype threat.

Poster

Poster Session 06 Program Schedule

02/15/2024
04:00 pm - 05:15 pm
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)

Poster Session 06: Aging | MCI | Neurodegenerative Disease - PART 2

Final Abstract #22

Impact of Perspective Taking on Metacognitive Judgments in Healthy Older Adults and AD Patients

Elise Teixeira, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
Elodie Bertrand, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France

Category: Dementia (Alzheimer's Disease)

Keyword 1: dementia - Alzheimer's disease
Keyword 2: metacognition

Objective:

Impaired metacognition is common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and can lead to a lack of self-awareness of deficits, known as anosognosia. Evidence from various neurological populations suggests that metacognitive judgments might depend on the perspective through which the information is presented. However, the extent to which this holds true in AD remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the influence of perspective-taking on metacognitive judgments in AD.

Participants and Methods:

Patients with mild to moderate AD and healthy older adults participated in the present study. Two experiments were conducted: one involving reaction time (RT) tasks and the other involving working memory (WM) tasks. Each task included two distinct conditions, success and failure, where performance was adjusted to a specific level. Participants were asked to estimate their own performance following each task condition (first-person perspective, 1PP), as well as after watching a video of themselves performing the task (third-person perspective, 3PP). Discrepancy between participant estimations and actual performance (Objective Judgment Discrepancy - OJD) was used to measure awareness of performance.

Results:

AD subjects demonstrated a similar pattern for both the WM and RT tasks. The results indicate a significant difference in OJD when considering the 1PP, with AD subjects overestimating their performance in the failure condition and underestimating it in the success condition.

Response patterns differed between tasks among the control group. In the WM tasks, the results highlighted that controls underestimated their performances in 3PP compared to 1PP in success condition. Additionally, they exhibited even greater underestimation in the success condition when compared to the failure condition in 3PP. Conversely, for the RT tasks, there was no statistically significant difference in OJD observed based on the condition and the perspective.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that, for both AD and healthy older adults, the task’s condition may have a more substantial influence on metacognitive judgments than the perspective through which the information is presented. This can be interpreted in the light of age-based stereotype threat.