INS NYC 2024 Program

Poster	Poster Session 03 Program Schedule 02/15/2024 09:30 am - 10:40 am Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) Poster Session 03: Neurotrauma \| Neurovascular Final Abstract #42 The Intersection Between Bilingualism, Executive Function, and Functional Outcome Following TBI Mariam Gomez, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico Walter Daniel Lopez Hernandez, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, United States Natalie Gevoglanian, Alliant International University, Los Angeles, United States Isabel Muñoz, CSU Northridge, Northridge, United States Sarah Fatoorechi, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, United States Selina Mangassarian, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, United States David Hardy, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, United States Paul Vespa, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States David Hovda, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States Ellen Woo, CSU Fresno, Fresno, United States Joaquin Fuster, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States Deborah Budding, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, United States Matthew Wright, The Lundquist Institute, Los Angeles, United States Category: Acquired Brain Injury (TBI/Cerebrovascular Injury and Disease - Adult) Keyword 1: traumatic brain injury Keyword 2: executive functions Keyword 3: bilingualism/multilingualism Objective: Persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often exhibit deficits in executive deficits compared to persons without TBI. Researchers indicates a link between executive function and functional outcome in persons with TBI. Furthermore, research shows bilingual speakers demonstrate better executive abilities compared to monolingual speakers. We evaluated the relationship between functional outcome and executive function in monolingual and bilingual persons with TBI. Participants and Methods: The sample consisted of 65 persons with moderate-to-severe TBI (30 English-monolinguals & 35 English and another language bilinguals) and 39 healthy comparison (HC; 18 English-monolinguals & 21 English and another language bilinguals) participants. The Stroop Color Word Test – Color Word (SCWT-CW), Trail Making Test part B (TMT-B), and Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Letter Fluency (DKEFS-LF) and Animal Fluency (DKEFS-AF) were used to evaluate executive function. Functional outcome was assessed via the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 (MPAI-4). A series of 2X2 ANOVAs were conducted to evaluate the effect of monolingualism/bilingualism on executive functioning performance in persons with TBI and HC’s. Pearson correlations were performed to evaluate associations of Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 subscales (Ability, Adjustment, and Participation), total score, and executive performances. All participants passed performance validity testing. Results: ANOVAs revealed that the HC group demonstrated better executive abilities compared to the TBI group except on the DKEFS-LF task, p’s < .05, η_p’s²= .04 - .17. We also found that monolingual speakers outperformed bilingual speakers on the SCWT-CW task, p = .006, η_p’²= .07. However, on the DKEFS-AF task bilingual speakers outperformed the monolingual speakers, p = .006, η_p’²= .07. Regarding functional outcome, the TBI group demonstrated poorer scores regarding ability, adjustment participation, and the total score compared to the HC group, p’s < .05, η_p’s²= .04 - .22. The monolingual group demonstrated a poorer total score compared to the bilingual group, p = .045, η_p’²= .04. Pearson correlations revealed significant correlations between TBI monolingual speakers’ DKEFS-LF and the adjustment score, r = .37, p = .043. TBI bilingual speakers’ TMT-B performance significantly correlated with the abilities score, r = -.42, p = .011. Finally, we found HC bilingual speakers’ DKEFS-AF significantly correlated with adjustment and participant scores, r’s = -.67 to -.59, p’s < .05. Participants were well-demographically matched except for age (TBI group was older than the HC group). Conclusions: As expected, the TBI group underperformed on executive tasks and demonstrated poorer functional outcome compared to the HC group. We found mixed results regarding the relationship between executive abilities and language use. Our data suggests that executive deficits are related to functional outcomes following a TBI. Future studies with a bigger TBI sample should explore functional outcome and executive function in monolingual speakers and bilingual speakers. The results also highlight the possible impact bilingualism has on cognitive reserve of certain functions after experiencing TBI.

Poster

02/15/2024
09:30 am - 10:40 am
Room: Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60)

Poster Session 03: Neurotrauma | Neurovascular

Final Abstract #42

The Intersection Between Bilingualism, Executive Function, and Functional Outcome Following TBI

Mariam Gomez, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
Walter Daniel Lopez Hernandez, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, United States
Natalie Gevoglanian, Alliant International University, Los Angeles, United States
Isabel Muñoz, CSU Northridge, Northridge, United States
Sarah Fatoorechi, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, United States
Selina Mangassarian, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, United States
David Hardy, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, United States
Paul Vespa, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
David Hovda, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
Ellen Woo, CSU Fresno, Fresno, United States
Joaquin Fuster, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
Deborah Budding, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, United States
Matthew Wright, The Lundquist Institute, Los Angeles, United States

Category: Acquired Brain Injury (TBI/Cerebrovascular Injury and Disease - Adult)

Keyword 1: traumatic brain injury
Keyword 2: executive functions
Keyword 3: bilingualism/multilingualism

Objective:

Persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often exhibit deficits in executive deficits compared to persons without TBI. Researchers indicates a link between executive function and functional outcome in persons with TBI. Furthermore, research shows bilingual speakers demonstrate better executive abilities compared to monolingual speakers. We evaluated the relationship between functional outcome and executive function in monolingual and bilingual persons with TBI.

Participants and Methods:

The sample consisted of 65 persons with moderate-to-severe TBI (30 English-monolinguals & 35 English and another language bilinguals) and 39 healthy comparison (HC; 18 English-monolinguals & 21 English and another language bilinguals) participants. The Stroop Color Word Test – Color Word (SCWT-CW), Trail Making Test part B (TMT-B), and Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Letter Fluency (DKEFS-LF) and Animal Fluency (DKEFS-AF) were used to evaluate executive function. Functional outcome was assessed via the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 (MPAI-4). A series of 2X2 ANOVAs were conducted to evaluate the effect of monolingualism/bilingualism on executive functioning performance in persons with TBI and HC’s. Pearson correlations were performed to evaluate associations of Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 subscales (Ability, Adjustment, and Participation), total score, and executive performances. All participants passed performance validity testing.

Results:

ANOVAs revealed that the HC group demonstrated better executive abilities compared to the TBI group except on the DKEFS-LF task, p’s < .05, η_p’s²= .04 - .17. We also found that monolingual speakers outperformed bilingual speakers on the SCWT-CW task, p = .006, η_p’²= .07. However, on the DKEFS-AF task bilingual speakers outperformed the monolingual speakers, p = .006, η_p’²= .07. Regarding functional outcome, the TBI group demonstrated poorer scores regarding ability, adjustment participation, and the total score compared to the HC group, p’s < .05, η_p’s²= .04 - .22. The monolingual group demonstrated a poorer total score compared to the bilingual group, p = .045, η_p’²= .04. Pearson correlations revealed significant correlations between TBI monolingual speakers’ DKEFS-LF and the adjustment score, r = .37, p = .043. TBI bilingual speakers’ TMT-B performance significantly correlated with the abilities score, r = -.42, p = .011. Finally, we found HC bilingual speakers’ DKEFS-AF significantly correlated with adjustment and participant scores, r’s = -.67 to -.59, p’s < .05. Participants were well-demographically matched except for age (TBI group was older than the HC group).

Conclusions:

As expected, the TBI group underperformed on executive tasks and demonstrated poorer functional outcome compared to the HC group. We found mixed results regarding the relationship between executive abilities and language use. Our data suggests that executive deficits are related to functional outcomes following a TBI. Future studies with a bigger TBI sample should explore functional outcome and executive function in monolingual speakers and bilingual speakers. The results also highlight the possible impact bilingualism has on cognitive reserve of certain functions after experiencing TBI.